Making more sense
Michelle Goldberg has written an article about heretical trans women – you know, the ones who don’t buy the ever-shifting but always-binding Current Dogma of how one is allowed to understand and talk about gender.
Last month, a 42-year-old English accountant who goes by the pseudonym Helen Highwater wrote a blog post disputing the idea that trans women are women. Helen is trans herself; in the last few years, she says, she has taken all the steps the U.K.’s National Health Service requires before it authorizes gender reassignment surgery, which she plans to have in 2016. Yet she has come to reject the idea that she is truly female or that she ever will be. Though “trans women are women” has become a trans rights rallying cry, Highwater writes, it primes trans women for failure, disappointment, and cognitive dissonance. She calls it a “vicious lie.”
“It’s a lie that sets us up to be triggered every time we are called he, or ‘guys’ or somebody dares to suggest that we have male biology,” she writes. “Even a cursory glance from a stranger can cut to our very core. The very foundations of our self-worth are fragile.”
From the perspective of the contemporary trans rights movement, this is close to blasphemy. Most progressives now take it for granted that gender is a matter of identity, not biology, and that refusing to recognize a person’s gender identity is an outrageous offense.
Hm. That’s not the best wording. The dichotomy isn’t identity / biology, but identity / socially mandated hierarchy (which is mandated according to sex).
At any rate – Highwater bought that version for a long time, and found it a lifeline out of self-loathing.
This year, however, Highwater joined Twitter, where she began to follow the furious battles between trans rights activists and those feminists derisively known as TERFs, or trans exclusionary radical feminists. The radical feminists—who, to be clear, don’t represent all feminists who think of themselves as radical—fundamentally disagree with trans activists on what being a woman means. To the mainstream trans rights movement, womanhood (or manhood) is a matter of self-perception; to radical feminists, it’s a material condition. Radical feminists believe women are a subordinate social class, oppressed due to their biology, and that there’s nothing innate about femininity.
Can we think it’s both? I don’t think I would claim that self-perception has nothing to do with it at all. I think the self-perception is largely created by the way the rest of the world treats the self, which means I’m bad at imagining what it’s like to have a self-perception that’s the opposite of what the world thinks it sees…but I don’t think the self-perception is non-existent.
At first, Highwater felt incensed by these radical feminists. But she also wanted to understand them, and so she began to engage with them online. She discovered “people who had a pretty good grasp of gender as an artificial social construct—the expectations of what females are supposed to be, the expectations of what males are supposed to be, and how much of that is socialized,” she says. “What I started to find is that the women I was talking to actually made so much more sense than the trans people I was talking to.”
Yes, I had that same problem. I would say I had the same experience, but having the experience turned out to be a problem. It’s not a problem for me; I find the explorations very interesting. But it made me a Problematic Person in the eyes of some very hypervigilant thought-cops.
To be gender-critical is to doubt the belief, which its critics call “genderism,” that gender is some sort of irreducible essence, wholly distinct from biological sex or socialization. Gender-critical trans women have different theories about why they were driven to transition, but in general, they don’t think they were actually women all along. (There appear to be few if any gender critical trans men, though there are gender-critical lesbians who once identified as male before reassuming a female identity.)
Gender-critical trans women are a uniquely despised group: They experience the discrimination all trans people are subject to as well as the loathing of the trans rights movement and its allies.
They have a lot of high-quality friends too though. See above – “What I started to find is that the women I was talking to actually made so much more sense than the trans people I was talking to.” Being loathed by people who don’t think very well is less painful than being loathed by people who think better.
More later.
Good on her, and I love her nym.
It’s an excellent nym.
I’d say “perceiving yourself as the opposite of how the world perceives you” is actually sometimes more complex than that.
My traits are traits perceived as masculine, and because of this, except with the most horribly sexist of people, I am read as “masculine-sort-of” and treated more or less as an “honorary male”. Other women rarely appearance-police me; men tend to address me as an equal. Oh, sure, I sometimes get told I’m “kind of aggressive” when I’ve been a leader, even though I made sure to be inclusive and get everyone’s opinions and accommodate them. Being businesslike instead of motherly is enough to cause criticism at times. But often my experiences are closer to men’s experiences.
Also, I’m a cosplayer, and sometimes cosplay male characters. Apparently my body language is masculine enough to override my facial and body structure and people assume I am male at times. Which, wow, at first threw me for a bit of a loop because these are people who actually know me!
So for all the talk of being assigned a gender, social cues are weird and people can be read as the opposite sex consciously or subconsciously, which influence how one is treated.
Well, yeah. Because that belief is nonsense. If gender doesn’t come from biological sex or socialization, where does it come from? Seriously, can anyone answer this question?
And I’m not saying that one’s own gender comes from one’s own socialization. I’m saying that the idea of gender itself can’t come from anything other than the fact that gender roles (i.e., social roles) developed in reaction to the existence of biological sex.
@ 4 Cressida
I’m a student rather than a teacher when it comes to such questions, but it seems to me one could ask the same of sexual orientation. If it doesn’t come from sex (which it obviously doesn’t) or socialization (and I think the consensus it that people aren’t “socialized” gay), then where does it come from?
It depends on what one means by gender. If your conception of gender is purely sex-assigned roles and stereotypes then indeed asking where it comes from is nonsensical. It comes from culturally imposed expectations. But I think that does a poor job of accounting for gender dysphoria. It is undeniable that there are people whose conception of their gender is at odds with both their “biological sex” and their socialization.
Hi Silentbob, maybe I didn’t do a good job of explaining. I completely agree that a person of (say) female biological sex who was socialized as (treated as, learned to be) a girl might experience dysphoria, might feel that their sexed body didn’t match the gender role that they identified with, might need to live as a man. All I’m saying is that the *idea* of gender HAS TO COME FROM SOMEWHERE.
Thought experiment: If that same person was born on Earth but immediately removed and raised in a closed society where there were only female-bodied people who embodied the gender we call woman – that is, no men at all – I don’t believe that person could possibly grow up and want to be a man. That’s what I mean when I say that gender can’t be “distinct from biological sex or socialization.” Because those are the only two things that determine gender. It’s not an innate brain-feeling, which I think is what the “genderists” want to claim.
I suspect “gender dysphoria” might be a misnomer, and something like “sex dysphoria” would be better. People may have an internal sense of their bodies–their “body map”–that is at odds with their bio sex. AFAIK that’s explicable with what we know about the brain (and its relationship with the rest of the body) without invoking quasi-mystical concepts of gender.
Genderism sees gender as something like the soul – a mystical immaterial foundational essence. Ask not where it comes from, because that’s sacrilege.
Cressida, under your thought experiment at #6, conceivably a person raised like that might feel ‘different’ in some way, though they won’t use words related to gender to describe the difference. They might feel ‘different’ if anything in the culture of that group clashed with aspects of their personality.
Body dysmorphia is a brain sex/body sex ‘thing’. A brain ends up with a sense of ‘self’ which doesn’t match the actual body.
‘Transsexual’ was the word I would have applied, except that at some time in the not-too-distant past it was declared by some to be ‘appropriation’ for anyone who hadn’t gone through the complete surgical/hormonal reassignment to use the word – so ‘trans gender’ became the description people coined to have a self-description that we would be ‘allowed’ to use, pre-intervention, without getting flack†. Hence the asterisk after trans* in general writing, to indicate that the writer was being inclusive of all trans individuals.
†And didn’t that work out well for us? (/sarcasm, as if that is necessary)
Seriously, this whole gender wars thing started with Word Purity Policing and has just become worse. Because ‘gender’ is a word that already had a whole body of work dedicated to its various manifestations, I suppose it wasn’t entirely unforeseeable that the two definitions would eventually clash.
Since body dysphoria actually is an essential part of someone’s brain-mapping, using the word ‘gender’ to describe the disconnect means that, in that sense only, the word ‘gender’ becomes essentialist.
I propose that we trans folk cede the ground to the feminists who have a much better claim to the word, and go back to calling ourselves transsexual, regardless of surgical/hormonal status, and drown out the howls of indignation of the Word Purity Police.
P.S. I like her ‘nym, too. Any inspiration from Helena Handbasket?
Tiggerthewing:
No argument from me, but I suspect you might be promoting an idea to the converted. Best of luck talking to the cool kids!