Whither Satire?
Amusing thing about the (as it were) Theory of satirical dictionary writing. I took careful notes, just in case I ever need to write another.
In conducting this assault, Donaldson and Eyre are making an important point not only about the nature of modern celebrity but also about the nature of satire. The textbook definition of satire is that it flourishes in an age of clearly defined moral standards, or one in which those standards are only just beginning to break down. If you are trying to be funny about other people’s moral failings, in other words, there must be some broad agreement between you and your audience as to what a moral failing actually consists of.
Ah. Well, fortunately, we didn’t have that problem, or limitation, or requirement, because we weren’t trying to be funny about moral failings, but rather about intellectual or cognitive or epistemic ones. Different thing. Or not. Actually maybe not, because the tricky bit of what D J Taylor says there is ‘your audience’. All depends what you mean by ‘your audience,’ doesn’t it. If you have wild hopes of writing a book that everyone over the age of three will want to read, then that’s one kind of ‘broad agreement’ you’re after, whereas if you sanely expect to amuse the kind of people who are amused by the kind of thing you are writing, and no one else, then that’s another kind. Though actually we did argue about this quite a lot during the writing. One of the writers kept urging that we ought to have a few very obvious jokes so as not to turn off people who don’t get the other kind; the other never saw the point of that, because who is going to buy or read a book on the grounds that it has ten good jokes in it and 490 duds? Who is even going to find the obvious jokes among all the others? I still don’t see it. Isn’t Theory interesting.
Here in the age of Big Brother and Celebrity Love Island, alternatively, the satirist is faced with three disabling drawbacks. The first is that so many satirical targets, from John Prescott to Robbie Williams, are, as Craig Brown once despairingly put it, “beyond parody”.
Yup. That is indeed a disabling drawback. I know, because that’s why the publisher didn’t want a satirical guidebook to angels and pagans and Celtic wisdom and all that good stuff – because it parodies itself. Sad, isn’t it – there are people out there walking around and driving cars and working at jobs (none of them in medical or dental fields, let us devoutly hope) who are so silly that they can’t be parodied, they’ve already done it for you. Sad, but also very funny.
The second, at a time when formal yardsticks of human behaviour are snapping all around us like celery stalks, is that many people, served up with something that labels itself “satire”, are simply unaware that a joke is being made. Extraordinary as it may seem, a fair proportion of the populace probably imagines that reality TV is aspirational, or that Vanessa Feltz is a very interesting woman of whom a whole lot more should be heard.
Well…yes. Admittedly – the stuff Sylvia Browne writes is so bottomlessly ridiculous and hilarious and absurd, it would be very hard indeed to write anything that was even more so. So naturally it does become difficult to perceive that a joke is being made.
That’s almost tragic, in a way. The really ludicrous people and ‘movements’ are so extremely risible that they can’t be mocked – there is simply no room left – so only the more moderately ridiculous people and movements can be made fun of. That does seem like a terrible waste. Ah well.
The third drawback was recently identified by Clive James in his essay Save Us From Celebrity…What was the best way to stem the tide of rubbish in which the average TV watcher or newspaper reader is constantly deluged, he wondered. “Satire is one way, but the satirists become celebrities too.” Don’t they just? And so Mr James found himself on Parkinson, reciting one of his amusing poems to Posh Spice and David Bowie. The emasculated satirist, in fact, is one of the commonest sights in literary history. In later life Thackeray, famously, never produced any social critique quite so devastating as Vanity Fair, largely because its success brought him fame and dinner invitations from the Duke of Devonshire.
Ah – now that one is not a worry. That difficulty has been grandly, even regally surmounted. Success shall not spoil wosname. No. Fame and dinner invitations to Chatsworth will not emasculate this satirist, thank you very much, because the problem doesn’t arise. I don’t get dinner invitations from the people who sleep under Waterloo Bridge, let alone the Duke of Devonshire. And the one time I got the chance, when I was on that radio thing with nice Philip Adams, well, I didn’t sell out, did I. Not a bit of it. I was just as sarky and parodic and mocking as ever. So! My social critique will go on being just as devastating as it was last year, Dukes or no Dukes, I assure you. There’s integrity for you.
Speaking of fame and dinner invitations and radio and amusing poems, Julian is on ‘In Our Time’ tomorrow, so have a listen.
Over on Panda’s Thumb, it has been noted many times that it has become nigh-impossible to distinguish between the actual writings of creationists and parodies of creationists. Unintended self-parody passes everywhere.
*sigh*
Ah, good point. I didn’t think of that.
Maybe I could do a Dictionary of Self-parody.
snicker
Here’s hoping that B+W will never be spoiled by success – not to say it isn’t successful. This comment also brings up an interesting question – what would Twain and Swift have thought of as being “beyond parody” in their own times?
In today’s Times there is a critique of the UK TV comedy ‘Little Britain’, mainly because the critic perceives the programme to be grossly sexist but with a side-helping of the argument that its targets are beyond parody. The fact that Little Britain is the most popular UK TV comedy, and not only amongst slack-jawed couch potatoes, seems to indicate that very little is beyond parody. I personally think that Little Britains somewhat dadaist takes on misguided political correctness are very amusing.
Mike – “grossly sexist but with a side-helping of the argument that its targets are beyond parody.” Well, that’s the Times for you. The appeal for me of LB is largely that gays, disabled people and other social sub-groups which are at constant risk from discrimination can also roundly, constantly be self-obsessed, self serving, destructive assholes just as the rest of us. As you say, those boys just point this fact out…
I’m an American, and thorugh the medium of Little Britain I am happy to see that the “Jerry Springer” class is not confined to the United States :).
My latest guilty pleasure is: Eye4Eye Court TV, with Judge “Extreme Akim” :)
“Here’s hoping that B+W will never be spoiled by success – not to say it isn’t successful.”
Indeed not. Very successful. So the hope goes: Let’s hope B&W will be ever more successful, and will never be spoiled by that immense success.
What would Twain, Swift, and Voltaire have thought beyond parody? Much to ponder in that question.
I cannot claim to have done much pondering, but of the trio you select I would have thought Twain the most reluctant to clobber the f*ing obvious. Neither Gulliver’s Travels nor Candide are noticeably subtle. Of Twain I have only read The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer, and the odd essay; perhaps I’m missing his obvious parodies, or perhaps I have been brutalized by Little Britain.
Hmm. I don’t think the idea is that the unparodiable is too obvious (that can’t be the idea, because if Sylvia Browne were too obvious, I would have realized that, and I didn’t, so she can’t be). The idea is rather that it’s all the way out on the farthest edge of the possible so there is just nothing left for a parodist to add. SB is already fall down and roll about funny all by herself, there’s just nothing to add.
Read Twain on Fennimore Cooper, if you want to laugh until you sick up your dinner.
Good satire has to be funny and witty, not just nasty, and too many satirists just aren’t that accomplished. Just barking at hate objects has been de rigeur since the ‘alternative comedy’ boom of the late seventies. When did Steve Bell last make anyone really laugh ? This is ok, but isn’t as funny as, say, Absolute Power…
Twain wrote a couple of great short parodies offering himself up as a political candidate. I would recommend some of his other essays on the politics and governments of his day as some of his best and most biting satire:”King Leopold’s Soliloquy”,”The Czar’s Soliloquy”,”To the Person Sitting in Darkness”,”The United States of Lyncherdom”.